This study aimed to investigate role mediator mental health in relationship between dimension PATERNALISTIC LEADERSHIP with performance job. This research any sort study is descriptive correlational study sample included all staff year 1396 lorestan university has established a number of 575 people. The statistical sample of 234 people is the sample using the method stratified proportional size selected. For data collection questionnaires. PATERNALISTIC LEADERSHIP vivian sheer (2012), Performance Job paterson (1970) and Mental Health Goldberg & Hillier (1979) was used. For the analysis using of structural equation modeling. The results show that Among the dimensions of PATERNALISTIC LEADERSHIP, relationship authoritarian LEADERSHIP with job performance reduse (β =-0/262)relationship benevolent LEADERSHIP (β = 0. 288) and etical LEADERSHIP (β = 0. 186) to increased with job performance. The relationship authoritarian LEADERSHIP decreases with mental health (B =-0. 248), relationship benevolent LEADERSHIP (β = 0. 175), and etical LEADERSHIP (β = 0. 452) increase with mental health of theemployee. Ther is relationship increase between mental health with job performance (β = 0. 298). The effect of authoritarian LEADERSHIP on job performance was indirect (β =-0. 073) explained with mediating role of mental health(β =-0. 335). The effect of benevolent LEADERSHIP on job performance was indirect (β = 0. 052) explained with mediating role of mental health(β = 0. 034). And the effect of ethical LEADERSHIP on job performance with the mediating role of was indirect (β = 0. 134) explained with mediating role of mental health(β = 0. 32).

The objective of present study is to investigate the mediator role of psychological contract in the relationship between PATERNALISTIC LEADERSHIP and turnover intention. Statistical population composed of the employees of Food Industry companies in Rasht city, using the Morgan Table, 332 of which were selected as the sample group by simple random selection. In this research, questionnaire was used by 15 items of PATERNALISTIC LEADERSHIP with Chang et al. (2000), 9 items of the Rousseau’s (2000) psychological contract, and 3 item of Wayne et al.’s (1997) turnover intention; that validity and reliability were confirmed. Data were analyzed through partial least squares and Smart PLS 2.0 software. The results of the research showed that the model has suitable fit and the observational variables have appropriate reliability and validity. Also, results showed that the PATERNALISTIC LEADERSHIP has positive and significant effect on psychological contract and it has negative and significant effect on turnover intention. Psychological contract has negative and significant effect on turnover intention. The variable of age didn't moderate the relationships between the variables.

The aim of present research was to investigate the relationship between PATERNALISTIC LEADERSHIP and organizational silence emphasizing on the moderating role of organizational justice. The research method has been descriptive-correlational and the statistical population of the research was the staff of Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari Gas Company including 230 people. By using Kerjesi formula and Morgan table, a sample of 140 employees were selected through simple random sampling method. For collecting data, three standard questionnaires of patriarchal LEADERSHIP, Chang et al. (2004), Vakola and Bouradas (2005), and organizational justice, Niehoff & Moorman (1993) were used. The reliability of the questionnaires using Cronbach's alpha coefficients was 0. 86, 0. 73 and 0. 79, respectively. SPSS and AMOS software were used to analyze the data. Findings of the research showed that there is a relationship between patriarchal LEADERSHIP, authoritarian LEADERSHIP, benevolent LEADERSHIP and ethical LEADERSHIP with organizational silence. Considering the moderating role of organizational justice, and given the fact that the level of meaningfulness is lower than the amount The error of 0. 05 and the critical value exceeded the acceptable range of 1. 96, all the hypothesis of the research were confirmed.

Background: Many of health system services are done in clinical counseling. A patient’s expectation of clinical consultation and physician office visits is to obtain diagnostic-remedial results, while such an expectation can be fulfilled only through an active relationship between the doctor and the patient. The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of doctor- patient interaction in an educational clinic in southern Iran. Methods: This is a conversation analysis based on critical approach. So, 33 clinical consultations were analyzed critically. Results: Results showed that PATERNALISTIC model is the overall pattern in consultations. This leads to limitation of the patients’ opportunity to participate in their diagnosis and treatment. Powers’ asymmetrical relations lead to conditions in which physicians determine the clinical counseling process. Also, physicians determine the subject of consultation in the counseling period. In this situation, the patients’ concerns were ignored. This ignorance leads to the patients’ suppression in problematic situations. The main point is that the clinical counseling occurs in one general contract that is unwritten but has been known for the two sides of interaction. Conclusion: Clinical counseling can be an active consultation when it included the symmetrical distribution of power and the patient has an active participation in the consultation. Therefore, the new patient-centered approaches can be an appropriate model for access to a type of consultation based on symmetrical power distribution between physician and patient.

Introduction: The major role of nurses in caring for patients puts them in a position where they can feel a sense of independence or lack of autonomy in dealing with patients throughout their actions. The present study aimed to explain patients’,lived experiences of PATERNALISTIC care behaviors. Methods: This qualitative research was conducted with the design of hermeneutic phenomenology consistent with Heidegger’, s philosophical view and using the purposeful sampling method. Data richness was achieved after 13 interviews with 7 patients who had been hospitalized and received care in the hospitals of Tehran, Iran. The data were collected during 8 months (November 2020-June 2021) using an unstructured interview and analyzed using Diekelmann et al seven‐, step approach with MAXQDA version 10 software. Results: Data analyses revealed four themes, thirteen sub-themes, and one constitutive pattern (duality of support and suppression of independence) forming the structure of patients’,lived experience of PATERNALISTIC caring behaviors. The themes included (1) Support at helplessness, (2) Inflexibility (3) Vague awareness, and (4) Despair due to lack of autonomy. Conclusion: The meanings discovered in this research revealed that patients have dual emotions regarding PATERNALISTIC care behavior. On the one hand, they are pleased with the care provided, but on the other hand, they feel desperate and unable to make decisions due to being deprived of their independence. We can see the creation of new ethical values in care behaviors. Performing supportive care behavior with emphasis on patient participation should be considered as a key ethical principle in patient care.

Background & Aims of the Study: Management and LEADERSHIP style is one of the characteristics that can be of great help to organizations in the competitive world of industries and organizations. On the other hand, individual factors can also play a decisive role in organizational issues. In competition with other organizations, the retention of human resources which is a daunting challenge for numerous organizations is also regarded as a competitive organizational advantage (8). The present study aimed to determine the role of organizational and individual factors on employees' intention to stay with an organization in one of the cement factories in southern Iran in 2018. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study 142 participants who were randomly selected from among all operational workers on fixed day shifts and rotational shiftwork. Data collection tools included the following questionnaires: a researcher-made demographic form, body map, the intention to stay questionnaire, safety LEADERSHIP questionnaire developed by Tabibi, and PATERNALISTIC management scale designed by Cherry. The obtained data were analyzed in LISREL and SPSS software (version 20) using descriptive and analytical methods, as well as structural equation modeling. Results: The used instruments were reported to be reliable rendering a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of > 0. 7. The results of the body map questionnaire demonstrated that 31 (23. 9%) employees reported pain in the lower back as painful and very painful, which was higher than pain scores in other parts of the body. Moreover, PATERNALISTIC management, safety LEADERSHIP, and stress did not show a significant effect on the variables of authoritarianism, musculoskeletal disorders, and the intention to stay, respectively (P> 0. 05). Conclusion: As evidenced by the obtained results, when people in authority assume a paternal role in organizations and receive the expected responses from their subordinates, they will witness a remarkable decrease in employees' intention to leave their present organization.

Introduction: Ethical LEADERSHIP is LEADERSHIP focused on appropriate behavior through respect for ethics and values, as well as the rights and dignity of others. Ethical LEADERSHIP can add value to businesses by motivating employees and fulfilling company values. Therefore, the present research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the relationship between ethical LEADERSHIP and cooperative social responsibility and the moral climate of the organization. Material & Methods: The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and correlational in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of this research included all employees of Management and Science University (MSU) in Malaysia. Among them, 200 people were selected as the research sample using a simple random sampling method. A standard questionnaire was used to collect data. The data was analyzed by structural equation modeling method. Results: The results of statistical analysis showed that ethical LEADERSHIP has a direct and positive effect on cooperative social responsibility and ethical climate. Also, moral climate has a direct and positive effect on cooperative social responsibility. At the same time, ethical LEADERSHIP has an indirect and positive effect on cooperative social responsibility through the mediation of ethical climate. Conclusion: Ethical LEADERSHIP can affect their social responsibility by inspiring employees to motivate and align with the company's values. The results of this research showed that ethical LEADERSHIP leads to greater employee satisfaction and collaborative responsibility and leads to the formation of an ethical atmosphere in the organization

Background and Objectives: Competent teachers are key factors in improving the educational system. An impactful LEADERSHIP style and teachers' emotional well-being enhance their professional performance, ultimately affecting the quality of student education. This study examined the role of paternal LEADERSHIP in teachers' emotional well-being and development. Methods: This research was conducted using a descriptive correlational method. The statistical population consisted of all primary school teachers in District 1 of Kermanshah city, totaling 906 individuals; of whom, 479 were male teachers and 427 were female teachers. For sample selection, a simple random sampling method was employed, and according to Morgan’s table, a sample of 270 individuals (91 males and 179 females) were chosen. Data were collected using three questionnaires: the PATERNALISTIC LEADERSHIP Style Questionnaire by Cheng et al. (2000); the Emotional Well-Being Questionnaire by Van Katwyk et al. (2000); and the New Jersey Teachers’ Professional Development Questionnaire (2014).   Findings: The results of the study indicated that in the paternal LEADERSHIP style, the components of benevolent and ethical LEADERSHIP had a significant and positive relationship with teachers' emotional well-being and professional development. Additionally, regression analysis revealed that Ethical LEADERSHIP could predict teachers' emotional well-being. Furthermore, ethical and power-oriented LEADERSHIP were found to predict teachers' professional development. Conclusion: This study highlighted the impact of PATERNALISTIC LEADERSHIP on teacher well-being and professional development. It suggests that leaders foster a supportive environment for sustainable development and improved educational quality.